CLEANER PLACES
STRONGER COMMUNITIES
A BRIGHTER TOMORROW
Post-Incineration Framework
SSOF
Self-sustained Oxidation Flow
SSOF is self-sustained gas-phase oxidation
flow formed by controlled air injection.
Once established, it continues without continuous
auxiliary fuel.
FROM WASTE TO A CLEANER TOMORROW
THE FLOW
No Smoke. No Odor. Just Flow.
01
What Is SSOF?
Self-Sustained Oxidation Flow (SSOF) is a staged gas-phase oxidation mechanism formed inside the AFC. Once established, successive flame zones sustain the oxidation of combustible gases without continuous auxiliary fuel.
No Smoke. No Odor. Just Flow.
02
How the Flame Moves
The flame in SSOF is not simply a source of heat. It acts as a visible oxidation front, forming progressively through the staged structure of the AFC as combustible gases rise from the lower reaction zone.
Each stage encounters a new air-injection zone, allowing the flame to follow and oxidize combustible gases as they move upward through the chamber.
03
Three Stages, One Flow
Stage 1 — Volatilization & Primary Oxidation
Heat releases combustible gases from the feedstock, while the first air-injection zone initiates primary oxidation.
Stage 2 — High-Temperature Oxidation
Rising combustible gases enter a hotter reaction zone and encounter additional injected air. Oxidation continues as the second flame zone forms and intensifies.
Stage 3 — Final Oxidation
Combustible gases remaining after the lower stages encounter the final air-injection zone. The third-stage flame acts as the final oxidation front, extending the oxidation process before the gas stream leaves the chamber.
Three stages. One continuous oxidation flow.
Three stages. One continuous oxidation flow.
04
When the Flow Sustains Itself
SSOF reaches its defining state when the heat and combustible gases generated within the process become sufficient to sustain the staged oxidation flow.
At this point, continuous auxiliary fuel is no longer required. The AFC provides the physical conditions; controlled air injection shapes the reaction zones; and the successive flame fronts sustain the oxidation process.
The AFC shapes the conditions.
The flame drives the oxidation.
The self-sustaining mechanism is SSOF.
THE PRINCIPAL
Plastic Ends
Here!
Plastic does not require a more complicated machine to reach its thermal end. At its core, the process depends on three fundamental elements: heat, air, and flame. What matters is how these elements are brought together, controlled, and sustained.
Inside the AFC, heat first creates the thermal conditions necessary for plastic and other high-calorific SPCW to release combustible gases. Controlled air injection then supplies oxygen while shaping the movement of those gases through successive reaction zones. Flame forms where the conditions for oxidation are established and follows the combustible gas stream as it moves upward through the chamber.
This is the essential behavior behind Self-Sustained Oxidation Flow (SSOF).
Rather than relying on continuous auxiliary fuel or increasingly complex combustion equipment, SSOF uses staged flame zones to carry oxidation progressively through the AFC. The first stage initiates volatilization and primary oxidation. The second provides another high-temperature, oxygen-rich reaction zone. The third acts as the final oxidation zone for combustible gases that remain after passing through the lower stages.
Once sufficient heat and combustible gases are being generated by the process itself, continuous auxiliary fuel is no longer required. The oxidation flow becomes self-sustaining: heat maintains the thermal environment, air shapes and supplies the reaction, and flame carries oxidation through the staged flow.
This simplicity is intentional. AFC is an appropriate-technology architecture built around a chamber, a central rod, and controlled air injection. SSOF is the oxidation mechanism that emerges within that architecture. The objective is not to build a smaller version of a conventional incinerator, but to create the conditions in which the thermal energy already contained in SPCW can participate in sustaining its own oxidation.
In that sense, SSOF approaches plastic not simply as solid waste that must be burned, but as a carbon-rich material that can be converted into combustible gases and progressively oxidized through a controlled thermal flow.
Heat initiates it.
Air shapes it.
Flame carries it through.
Plastic Ends Here.
DIOXINS
A Matter of the Thermal Pathway
Dioxin formation cannot be addressed by temperature alone.
In thermal treatment of chlorine-containing waste, the relevant question is the entire pathway: how gases are generated, how completely they are oxidized, how long incomplete combustion products remain, and what happens as the exhaust subsequently cools.
SSOF is designed around the first part of that pathway.
Within the AFC, combustible gases released from the waste encounter staged air injection and successive flame zones. Rather than relying on a separate secondary combustion chamber to correct incomplete combustion downstream, the architecture is intended to promote progressive gas-phase oxidation within the primary flow itself.
The objective is not simply to burn hotter.
It is to leave less unfinished combustion behind.
This does not mean that SSOF should be described as “dioxin-free.” Actual PCDD/F emissions must be established through representative field measurement under defined feed and operating conditions.
What SSOF provides is a thermal architecture designed to address one of the fundamental conditions behind pollutant formation:
complete the oxidation while the flow is still hot, active, and controllable.
FLAME
What the flames are saying
The flow begins to organize.
FORMATION
Heat established. Fuel removed. Flow sustains.
SUSTAINMENT
The flame follows the remaining combustibles to completion.
COMPLETION